Gender impact on quality of life in colorectal cancer survivors

Abstract

Background. The aim of the study was to identify possible gender differences in colorectal cancer survivors with regard to specific symptoms and problems occurring up to 24 months after oncological treatment.

Patients and methods. A total of 239 colorectal cancer survivors were included, 56% males and 44% females, mean age 60-69 years (range 30-89+). In addition to demographic data, we included clinical data on disease and outcomes collected using the standardized questionnaires EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-LC29 at the Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, during the time period from 1^st September 2023 to 1^st May 2024.

Results. Females were more likely to experience emotional problems (p = 0.002), higher levels of fatigue (p < 0.001), insomnia (p = 0.015), nausea and vomiting (p = 0.007), which may also be associated with poorer appetite in females. Males reported better body image than female (p = 0.047), lower levels of anxiety (p = 0.029), less frequently reported perceived weight loss or gain (p = 0.010). Male reported more stool frequency (p = 0.045), and also had more sever dysuria compared to female (p = 0.008).

Conclusions. The results provide the opportunity to improve the clinical management of long-term follow-up and care planning, taking into consideration the gender-specific needs of colorectal cancer survivors.

Key words: gender, quality of life, late effects, colorectal cancer